Load and line wire colors?
Line wires are generally black, and the load wires are generally red, black, or sometimes blue.
In the electrical trades, the terms "line" and "load" are shorthand words that refer to the wires that deliver power from the source to a device (line), vs. those that carry power onward to other devices further along the circuit (load).
Load Wire: This is the wire that connects your switch to your light bulb or other “load” (ie: a fan or other appliance). It is also usually black.
The circuit's hot wire (typically colored black or red) connects to the black or brass-colored screw terminal marked LINE. The white neutral wire connects to the silver-colored screw terminal marked LINE. The markings for line and load usually are printed on the back of the outlet's plastic body.
Function | label | Color, common |
---|---|---|
Protective ground | PG | bare, green, or green-yellow |
Neutral | N | white |
Line, single phase | L | black or red (2nd hot) |
Line, 3-phase | L1 | black |
With simple on-off light switches, mixing up the line and load wires won't affect the operation. The power will be either off or on. It does become critical is when installing a GFCI outlet. Because it contains an internal circuit breaker, incorrect installation can cause a safety failure.
If the line is sloping upward from left to right, so the slope is positive (+). If the line is sloping downward from left to right, so the slope is negative (-).
An electrical load is simply any component of a circuit that consumes power or energy. In a household setting, the most obvious examples of electrical loads include light bulbs and appliances.
The most common method to identify line and load wires is by color coding. The National Electrical Code (NEC) requires that the line wires be colored black, and the load wires must be colored red. The neutral wire must always be white while the ground wire can be either bare copper or green.
The black wire is the "hot" wire, it carries the electricity from the breaker panel into the switch or light source. The white wire is the "neutral" wire, it takes any unused electricity and current and sends it back to the breaker panel.
Does white wire go to black wire?
A black or red-hot wire usually connects to a brass-colored screw terminal or black wire lead on electrical devices. A white neutral wire usually connects to a silver-colored terminal or white wire lead.
The line is usually a black insulated wire that goes to the bottom of the switch while the load is a red wire that goes to the top of the switch. Alternatively, you may use a voltage tester or multimeter to check for a voltage reading from one of the wires.

Red: The red wire is positive. Black: The black wire is negative. White: The white wire is neutral or ground.
The neutral wire is identified by a white stripe, ribbing or white insulation. The hot (live) wire has no ribbing or stripe; it may have black or red insulation. If the cord has a green wire (rare), it's a ground wire.
Can “line” and “load” conductors be installed in the same raceway? A. Service conductors cannot be installed in the same raceway with feeder or branch-circuit conductors [230.7], but line and load conductors for feeders and branch circuits can be placed in the same raceway or enclosure.
Line wires are typically black or red, while load wires are usually white. Finally, you can also identify line and load wires by their function. Line wires carry power from the service panel to electrical outlets and other devices, while load wires carry electricity from the outlet back to the service panel.
Thus, they are interchangeable, and it doesn't matter. It's a common confusion to use the word "Line" for the supply power line coming from the breaker, and "Load" to describe the onward wires carrying power to other points-of-use.
Hot wire is identified by its black casing. This is the main color of hot wire for most homes. However, other hot wires can red, blue, or yellow, although these colors can indicate a different function besides powering an outlet.
There are two different name, L (Live) and N (Neutral) on the AC input terminal. Please refer to Fig. 1 for the wiring of the AC input.
White (neutral) goes on the side allocated for the larger prong. Black (Hot) goes on the smaller prong side or white to silver screws, black to gold screws. Ground (bare wire) to green.
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